Cultural Resources Survey, Grand Bay Ordnance Range, Moody Air Force Base, Georgia

Panamerican Consultants, Inc., archaeologically surveyed approximately 1,456 hectares (ha) (3,600 acres [ac]) in response to a Scope of Work for Cultural Resources Survey, Grand Bay Ordnance Range, Moody Air Force Base, Georgia (Contract No. DACW21-93-D-0040, Delivery Order No. 0006, Amendment 002). Air Combat Command directed Moody Air Force Base (Moody AFB) to conduct the cultural resources survey of Grand Bay Ordnance Range and Moody Air Force Base, Georgia. The base is located in south-central Georgia about 15 kilometers (km; 9.3 miles) northeast of Valdosta, Georgia. The field work took place in two sessions, and was completed in a total of approximately 2 I/: months. This contract effort was designed to locate and assess the significance of all cultural resources (according to National Register of Historic Places [NRHP] criteria) within the project area by means of an intensive cultural resources survey in compliance with the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, Executive Order 11593 (Protection and Enhancement of the Cultural Environment), and the Archaeological and Historic Preservation Act of 1974, as described in the project Scope of Work. The field work took part in two sessions. This report represents the results of the site testing from positive shovel tests recorded during the initial survey of the area in the fall of 1994, and the completion, through shovel testing in the summer of 1995, of unfinished areas from the initial survey. Due to the hazards of working on the bombing range while in use, the survey was suspended from the fall of 1994 until the summer of 1995, or until such time that the range could be closed to bombing runs. During the summer of 1995, the range was closed for a two week period, allowing us to complete the previously started work. As an amendment to the original contract, an additional 963.6 ha (2,381 ac) was slated to be surveyed and this is included in the total number of acres surveyed. The Scope of Work called for intensive pedestrian survey augmented by the excavation of shovel tests in order to locate cultural resources, determine their horizontal and vertical distribution, stratigraphy, integrity, and cultural association, as well as evaluate their research potential. A total of 5,456 shovel tests were recorded, including 211 that produced cultural material. The remainder either produced negative results or were not excavated due to prior disturbances, standing water, drained swamps, or surface visibility. Shovel tests averaged 30 centimeters (cm) in diameter and were excavated to a minimum of 30 cm in depth. A total volume of approximately 160.8957 cubic meters (m3) was excavated by shovel testing during the course of the survey. A total 21 archaeological sites and 39 isolated finds were identified during the course of the survey. Of the sites, 11 were prehistoric in nature, 2 were historic in nature and 8 had both historic and prehistoric components. A total of 5 are considered to be potentially eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), and the remaining 16 were considered not to possess the necessary qualities to be recommended to the NRHP. Of the isolated finds, 4 were historic in nature, 32 were prehistoric, and 3 had both historic and prehistoric material recovered from them.