Two Riveer Crossing Surveys, The Oostanaula and Chattahoochee Rivers, and a Corridor Survey of Site 9 Do 2, Annewakee Creek Site in Northwestern Georgia

In July 1981, a cultural resources survey was conducted for Southern Natural Gas at the Oostanaula River and Chattahoochee River crossings as requested by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. At the Oostanaula River crossing north of Calhoun, Georgia, in Gordon County, slightly less that 1 kilometer was surveyed. Two cultural sites were recorded, 7-1 and 7-2. One site, 7-1, had both historic and prehistoric components. The historic component consisted of a collapsed barn. The prehistoric component consisted of a light lithic scatter. The other site (7-2) was a light lithic scatter on the second river terrace within the Oostanaula River floodplain. Due to the shallowness of the sites, the disturbed nature of the sites and the sparsity of cultural material, neither site is considered significant or recommended for further work. At the Chattahoochee River crossing in Douglas County near Campbellton, Georgia, approximately 1.14 kilometers were surveyed. No evidence of cultural material was found on the south side of the river. On the north side of the river, the proposed pipeline corridor crosses site 9Do2 (Anneewakee Creek Site). Forty-two 50 cm. square test pits were excavated, 33 of which were along the corridor center line and 9 of which were located either on the extreme edge of the corridor or just beyond the corridor margins. It was determined that the pipeline corridor is on the extreme northeastern edge of site 9Do2. Test excavations indicated that ditching will have no adverse affects. However, disturbance due to the traffic of heavy construction equipment may impact the integrity of the surface layer. For this reason, the following are proposed. First, that the southern portion of the corridor be reduced to 15 feet and the northern portion be increased to 45 feet in the area of potential impact. Second, one of the following alternatives; either the trench be backfilled utilizing manual labor, or during the backfill operation, leave 2-6 inches of soil to act as a buffer against potential damage to the surface. Site 7-3 was located approximately 60 meters south and west of the proposed pipeline corridor. The few artifacts recovered within the corridor represent peripheral low density scatter and lack of contextual integrity. For this reason no further work is recommended.