American Recovery and Reinvestment Act 2009 Section 11 0 Compliance Report for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Savannah District

Between 26 April and 3 September 2010, Brockington and Associates conducted intensive historic properties survey of 6,192.95 acres at two different reservoirs (Lake Hartwell and Richard B. Russell Lake) in northeast Georgia and northwest South Carolina. This project was conducted under Contract No. W912P9- 09-D-0537 with the US Army Corps of Engineers, St. Louis District (Corps) as part of an American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) program enacted by Congress in 2009. Our investigation examined 79 survey tracts within the Lake Hartwell reservoir and five survey tracts within the Richard B. Russell reservoir. The primary goals of this investigation were to identify and document all archaeological and historical resources within Corps property boundaries and assess eligibility for inclusion of encountered resources in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), according to the criteria set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. Standardized reporting that meets the Secretary of the Interior's (SOI) Standards and Guidelines for Archaeological Documentation (Federal Register September 29, 1983: Vol. 48, No. 190, pp. 44716-44742) was developed and followed in the preparation of this report. Wherever possible, specific guidelines issued by the Georgia and South Carolina SHPOs, and under the direction of Savannah District Corps archaeologists, were also followed. Survey methods adhered to state standards and guidelines (GCPA 2003; COSCAPA 2005) for intensive historic properties survey.

Prior to undertaking fieldwork, Brockington and Associates conducted background research at the Georgia Archaeological Site File (GASP) at the University of Georgia (UGA) in Athens, and the South Carolina State Site Files (SCSSF) at the South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology (SCIAA) in Columbia. This archival investigation identified two previously recorded sites within the Lake Harwell survey tracts (38AN235 and 38AN236), and 17 previously recorded sites within the Lake Russell survey tracts (9EB67, 9EB210, 9EB327, 9EB335, 9EB365, 38AB122, 38AB123, 38AB124, 38AB128, 38AB129, 38AB130, 38AB132, 38AB212, 38AB279, 38AB475, 38AB476, and 38AB4 77). Of these, one of the previously recorded sites at Lake Harwell (38AN236) an~ five of the previously recorded sites at Lake Russell (38AB477, 9EB210, 38AB124, 38AB128, 38AB279, 3SAB475, and 38AB476) were not relocated during field survey. These six sites may have been incorrectly plotted, they may be currently underwater, or they have been cop1pletely eradicated by erosion or some other post -depositional process.

The field survey resulted in the identification of 47 previously unrecorded sites at Lake Hartwell (9HA124 through 9HA129, i 38AN301 through 38AN319, and 380C604 through 390C625), and 31 previously unidentified sites at Lake Russell (9EB756 through 9EB775, and 38AB10791 through 38AB1089). Excluding the previously recorded sites which were not relocated, this is a total of ~9 prehistoric and/or historic archaeological sites within all of the surveyed tracts (Table I). Of these, 83 sites are recommended as ineligible for inclusion in the National Register, while the remaining six sites (9EB365,1 38AB130, 38AB132, 38AB 1080, 38AB 1088, and 380C~23) are recommended as "potentially eligible;' pending  additional evaluative testing. We also identified 82 isolated finds; all of which are recommended ineligible for inclusion on the NRHP.

The authors wish to thank Susan Malin-Boyce (St. Louis Corps, Mandatory Center of Expertise for the Curation and Managemenf of Archaeological Collections, Section 110 Project Leader) and Julie Morgan (Savannah Corps, District Archaeologist) who facilitated this project. We also appreciate the time and great assistance given us by many staff members at Lake Hartwell, including Timothy Crabtree, Zachary Harkness, Justin Hughes, and Nancy Summers. We thank Jeffrey Brooks, Glen Kowalski, and Mark Wade at Richard B. Russell for also providing helpful information and assistance. Background research and assistance was received by Keith Derting at SCFSS in Columbia and Mark Williams and his staff at GASF in Athens.

Many individuals at Brockington and Associates worked towards completion of this project. All fieldwork and reporting aspects of this project were conducted by Alex Sweeney, John O'Donnell, Chris Hunt, and Patrick Severts under the direction of Thomas G. Whitley. Alex Sweeney and Kara Bridgman Sweeney assisted with background research. Field technicians included Agatha Baluh, Rachael Bragg, Blake Coleman, Allison Kohley, Brian Joby Hunt, Christian La Rosa, Catherine McBee, Bronwen Morgan, Lesley Nash, William Trimble, Stacey Whitacre, and Inger Woods. Laboratory analysis was conducted under the direction of Debbie Casselberry; with Meagan Brady and Jeff Sherard as analytical specialists. Lab technicians included Justin Bradshaw and Bronwen Morgan. GIS and spatial analysis was carried out by Gitisha Goel and Damon Jackson under the direction of Thomas G. Whitley. Editorial review was provided by Alicia Brandt, Jeffrey Gardner, and Thomas G. Whitley. Michael Walsh produced the report.